Writing about building software that people can rely on.

A practical guide to event-driven WhatsApp bots with Baileys and whatsapp-web.js — plus when the official Cloud API webhooks are the safer path.

• WhatsApp
• Event-Driven Architecture
• Baileys
• Node.js
• Automation

How circuit breakers stop cascading failures with Closed, Open, and Half-Open states — and when retries, budgets, or bulkheads are a better fit.

• Distributed Systems
• Resilience
• Reliability
• Microservices

A practical guide to Generative Engine Optimization for App Router — OAI-SearchBot vs GPTBot, robots.ts, sitemaps, SSR HTML, Bing/Google indexing, WAF traps, and an honest take on llms.txt.

• Next.js
• SEO
• ChatGPT
• LLMs
• GEO

A diagnostic guide to six production failure modes that turn API gateways into outage amplifiers — saturation, timeouts, retries, god-gateways, blind observability, and weak hardening.

• API Gateway
• Distributed Systems
• Resilience
• Microservices
• Reliability

How to combine timeouts, retries, exponential backoff, and jitter so transient failures heal without turning into cascading outages.

• Distributed Systems
• Resilience
• HTTP
• Reliability